Device for equalizing the temperature of and preparing ingots for blooming



3 Sheets-'Sheet 1. J. REESE. DEVICE FOR EQUALIZING THE TEMPERATURE 0FAND PREPARING INGOTS EUR BLOGMING. l

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Patented Dee. 19, 1882.

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J. RBESB. DEVICE PUR EQUALIZING THB TEMPERATURE 0F AND PREPARING INGOTSvPoR BLOOMING. No.269,233.

Patented Deo.19, 1882.

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DEVIGE EOE EQUALIZING TEE TEMPERATURE 0E AND PREPARING INGOTS PORBECOMING.l l

No. 269,233. Patented 1390.19, 1882.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB REESE, F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DEVICE FOR EQUALIZING THE TEMPERATURE OF AND PREPARING INGOTS FORBLOOMINC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,233, dated December19, 1882.

Application filed October 25, 18852.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB REESE, a citizen ofthe United States, residingat Pittsburg, in

`molds are placed on a car-truck and taken to a furnace and placedtherein and heated for one hour or more. Then the ingots are consideredto be sufficiently heated they are withdrawn one at a time and taken tothe blooming-mille and rolled down into blooms. Now,it is au'ell-kno\vnfactthat when theingot is taken out ofthe ingot-mold, though the ingotis solid on the outside, the inside is in a iiuid con dition.Consequently the center of the ingot is too hot for blooming, while theoutside is too cold.

The object of this invention is to provide means for equalizing thetemperature of the ingot by utilizing the heat ot its fluid center toraise the temperature of its outside Walls, so that the ingot may betaken from the mold in Which it is cast and prepared for theblooming-mill Without the aid of fuel or any other heat than thatcontained Within itselt' when the converting-house is located at somedistance from the blooming-mill.

Figure l is a side elevation ot' my truck and regenerator with the capson. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same through o o, shown in Fig. 4.Fig. 3 is a sectional view of same through rv x. Fig. 4 is a plan viewot' same with four ingots in and four chambers empty. Fig. 5 is a sideelevation of the regenerator and hood in position for heating. Fig. 6isacap for closing the regenerator.

In order that others skilled in the art may be enabled to put myinvention into practice, I shall now describe the manner ot'constructing my regenerator.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, letters A indicate the shell. This shell maybe made of Wrought iron or of cast-iron. li' made of Wrought-iron, it

(No model.)

should be one inch thick and joined together at the corners and at thebottom byangle-iron, riveted or bolted in the usual manner. Theaxle-lugs a. should be riveted or bolted to a Wrought-iron plate, or,it' the shell is made of castiron,the lugs maybe cast on it. The axles bmay be made of five (5)andahalfinch square steel with journals of fourand one-haltiuches. The wheels shown are four feet in diameter, andmaybe made so that they will turn on the Iaxle so as to travel freelyaround curves with but little friction; or, in caseofa straight track,the wheels may be tight on the axles, and the axle made round andprovided with bearingsiu the lugs c. b is the draw-bar by means ot whichthe car is attached to the locomotive. c c are the rails on which thecar rests. c is the-non-conducting lining, and fis the chamber or nestinto which ythe ingots are placed to soak. B is the hood and pipe forheating up the regenerator previous to charging the ingots.

In the practice ot' this invention, when the ingots are fourteen inchessquare at the base and twelve inches at the top, the openings in theregenerator should be t'teen inches square at the top and fifteen inchessquare at the bottom, or they may be tit'teeu inches square all the waydown. The inner Walls should be made ot cast-iron or steel of two inchesin thickness. Then the shell is made it should have au opening of tiveinches in diameter in its bottom opposite to each opening in theregenerator. A layer ofre-brick oi'nine inches in thickness should beplaced all over the bottom on the inside. In doing` this a tile having ative-inch round hole should be placed over each opening in theshell-bottom. When the bottom is thus made, the nestfis placed intheshelland a good nou-conductingmaterialsuch as ire-clay--should be rammeddown between the inner walls,f, and the walls ofthe shellA ,until thespace is filled and the non-conducting lining c is formed. When theregenerator is thus formed, the car is run under'the hood B. and gas andair let into the hood, and combustion caused to take place over the topof the regenerator. rI`he product of combustion will pass down throughthe openings and out of the ive-inch holes at their base. By this meansthe cast-iron or steel walls and the lining will become heated. When ithas assumed a red tem- ICO perature the car should be drawn away fromthe hood, the five-inch openings closed with the stoppers g, andsufficient hot sand placed in each mold so as to fill the five-inchopenings on a level with the bottom of the molds. The iugots should thenbe taken from the ingotmolds and dropped in the regenerator, with theirbottom or largest ends up, the caps placed over each ingot and allcovered with sand or other non-conducting substance, care being taken toexclude the air as far as possible. When the regenerator has been thusfilled the car may be taken to any suitable place, and after a space offrom twenty to thirty minutes, more or less, according to the initialtemperature ofthe regenerator and ingots, the car may be run up to theblooming-mill and the ingots withdrawn and rolled one at a time, whenthe ingots will be f'ound to be of a thoroughly uniform temperature ot'sufficient heat to be rolled in the usual manner. When an ingotisWithdrawn to be rolled the cap is immediately placed over the openingand covered, so as to exclude the air from getting in or the heat frompassing out. When the regenerator is emptied the car is again run intothe converting-house and charged. By this arrangement the regeneratorneed only be heated on Monday morning, as it will retain sufficient beatso as to be run from the blooming-mill to the converting-house and berefilled without reheating.

By the use of these devices I am enabled to dispense with the costlymethod of' reheating the ingots and save the great loss by oxidation,and prevent the occasional loss by burning the ingots. In the old methodof reheating, cracked rails or seconds are largely due to the greatdifference of temperature between the outside and thel interior oftheingot. When the ngots are taken from the molds they are piled onto atruck and taken to the heatingfurnaces. By this method the outside ofthe ingots become cooled to a large degree by passing through the coldair, and ot'ten through the rain, and when placed in the furnace, thecenter of' the ingots being still in a molten state, the high heat ofthefurnace tends to heat the outside and cause a rapid expansion, and asthe inside has already assumed its maximum expansion the outer shell iscaused to expand while the interior is contracting, and this tends tocrack the outer edges where the difference ot" temperature is thegreatest; and I assume that this crackingof the ingots by the differenttemperatures of' its cross-section is the prime cause of' cracked railsor other shapes rolled from ingots. By my improved devices the in; gotsare taken immediately from the molds and placed in the regenerator. Theheat of'` the metal walls is immediately absorbed by the outer walls ofthe ingot; then theheat from the fluid center passes outward and heatsup the walls ofthe regenerator, so that the walls or outer sides of theingot are not allowed to cool much below the point of solidificatiomandthey are immediately heated by the walls of' the regenerator, and theingot is permitted to cool and contract uniformly, and cracking bydifferential cooling is avoided.

In forming the regenerator I greatly prefer to construct its inner wallsof cast iron or steel, as it is a good conductor of heat, and will giveout its heat rapidly to theingot, and will also take up the heat rapidlywhich is given off' in the molten center solidifying; but they may bemade of'other metal or equivalent heat-absorbing material, if' desired,asamatter of' economy.

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying ingots from thecasting-pit to the rolls, consisting of a shell of' non-conductingmaterial, havinga lining of iron or like heat-absorbing material,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. A regenerator car or equalizing-chamber f'or conveying ingots` fromthe casting-pit to the rolls, said car having a shell of non-conductingmaterial, the interior of which is divided into ingot-cells bypartitions of steel or like heatabsorbing material, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

3. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying ingots from thecasting-pit to the rolls, said car having a shell of non-conductingmaterial, its interior divided into inv got-cells by heat-absorbingpartitions, and a series of' stoppers for closing the separateingot-cells, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A regenerator-car or equalizing-chamber for conveying iugots from thecasting-pit to the rolls, having a shell ot' non-conducting material,the interior of which is divided into cellsby a series ot' partitions,and perforated below opposite the several ingot-cells, substantially asand for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of a movable ingot-regenerator, having an outlet oroutlets for the products ot' combustion, with a Jfixed hood, B,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

G. An ingot-regenerato-r provided with an open top and bottom, in orderthat its initial temperature may be secured by forcing hot gases throughit., and having lids or caps for closing the bottom opening previous toplacing the ingot or ingots in it, and for closing the top after theingots are put in or taken out, in order that when on'ce heated by thecombustion of t'uel its temperature may thereafter be kept up by theheat abstracted from the molten centers ofthe ingots placed in it.

JACOB REESE.

Witnesses:

WALTER Hanse, JAMES H. PORTE.

IOI)

